Scaling in an evolved world

I was speaking with a friend and co-investor (@infoarbitrage) last weekend and we were discussing scaling issues in this new world.  One of the comments that we both wrote down was, “anything above buying power is organizational inefficiency.”

Big business used to be about building an infrastructure and then leveraging it as a competitive barrier to entry.  Think of the automotive world.  Think of the advertising world.  Think of the airline industry.  Think of pharma.  Are these businesses where you want to be today?  In a broad sense, probably not.

It used to be, “the larger you become, the more you can make a market.”  How many of us in the digital media world do not envy Yahoo!?  Yahoo is still a $17 billion company but full of inefficiencies.   What about MSFT?  IBM?

In the advertising world, how many holding companies and agencies do you know that have multiple companies, which in turn, duplicate organizational structure.  In a world that is shifting towards transparency and collaboration, why separate all of these companies out?  The knowledge and personnel that exists within each of those four walls is invaluable to the future of any one of the clients.

The future structure of organizations may be leaner and more nimble, and the discount of infrastructure may play out more than we may think.  Think about Toll Brothers (real estate) right now…

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  • Darren,

    I agree with you and Roger and I think there are two crucial components complementing size: relative cash position and transparency. You nailed the transparency part. Yahoo has a large market cap (or did) but they need cash and transparency in order to leverage the benefits of that size (the stock is worthless without). On the flip, a small company is not necessarily any better positioned if it lacks cash and transparency than a much bigger firm. There was a meme two years ago about the death of venture capital since small companies no longer needed big cash reserves; I think that mindset may be changing even as companies can do more with less.

    Happy Holidays

    Sam
    http://twitter.com/squasher98
  • There are a few reasons that agencies cannot merge, all of them incredibly practical from an insider perspective.

    Consider, (a) each agency has their own culture. And I'm not talking about the color of the walls, I'm speaking of the mood, the pulse of the office. Each culture inspires a different breed of productivity, of inspiration, a different perspective on a challenge. This diversity creates scalable "personalities" that cannot be duplicated in a boarderless environment.

    Secondly (b), there are conflicts of interest. Separate agency subsidiaries allow a holding company to include many conflicting clients in their overall roster. A megabrand could not do this (in many cases) without losing business.

    Thirdly, (c) nearly all agencies are started as independent shops that are later purchased. Few are built from within. Because of the demand for subsidiary revenue growth, the holding company models do not allow for true border-less collaboration.

    That being said, in an ideal world there would be far fewer walls and far more collaboration. And one way or the other, we're going to get there, so long as collaboration and openness continue to drive business. Then again, there's Apple. Locked down, largely unresponsive, iconic and successful.
  • I have to disagree with points A & B above. While my experience is the financial services industry and not the agency world, business is business and the fundamentals are virtually the same. From my personal experience at a major company which merged with another financial institutional over 10 years ago, the cultures could not be more different...one the quintessential investment banking culture and the other a retail banking institution that was more of a blue collar than white collar culture. The key to blending cultures starts with the management team from the top down. If the senior executives strive to blend cultures and drive change in their organization it will eventually trickle down. It may take time for that to happen and I'm not saying it happens over night but blending of cultures can and does happen and therefore should not be a reason for 'not merging'. It all starts with the right attitude, education, compromises and a little time and patience.

    Secondly, as a 'mega brand' in the financial world, conflicts of interest are inevitable as we get in and out of various businesses. We often create those conflicts ourselves as we choose which businesses we deem appropriate and viable for growth in the future. While this may result in a loss of certain businesses/clients those are conscious decisions that are made. Businesses need to look forward and reinvent themselves to stay competitive even at the sacrifice of certain relationships and/or business lines. Think Goldman Sachs or Morgan Stanley...to stay in business they had to reinvent themselves as bank holding companies requiring both companies to exit certain business. This however, created business for others so it's not always a negative.

    Just my two cents....
  • In the financial world, I couldn't agree more. Some agencies run like finance shops, commoditizing media and chasing the cheapest impressing rather than the most valuable. To these shops all spots and dots are created equal. To others it's more of an art, with no two cultures creating the same product. This is not to say that the end result will be drastically different. Truth be told, I do not have enough experience to say that they would be drastically different. But there are differences. And I can say first hand, that many of the principles involved in these discussions value the differences, the culture and the outcome.
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